3～6岁儿童心理旋转能力的发展研究

On Improvement of Mental Rotation in 3-through 6-year-old Children

儿童心理旋转能力的发展特征研究对于早期教育来说具有重要的价值和意义。采用不同的刺激材料考察儿童心理旋转能力的研究结果表明,3～4岁儿童不具有心理旋转能力,4～5岁儿童开始形成心理旋转能力,大部分5～6岁儿童已具有对图形的旋转能力。4～6岁儿童的旋转能力存在性别差异,但未达到显著性水平。在不同的刺激材料上得分存在显著性差异。因此,我们应根据儿童的发展特点来设置课程,在游戏和生活中培养儿童的空间知觉能力,提倡个性化教育。

Mental rotation,a kind of spatial transformation,is very important for early childhood education.Stimulus-specific researches on child mental rotation found that 3-through 4-year-old children are not capable of building the mental image;the 4th and 5th years are the period when children develop their metal rotation;and most of the children have built their mental rotation,which features slight gender-specific differences but huge stimulus-specific ones,between the 5th and 6th years.Hence curriculum designing should encourage individual-specific education,developing child spatial ability in games and everyday life by taking into account the particularities of child development.