摘要
本研究设计了"听声音猜玩具"的游戏任务,以182名平均年龄5.73岁的儿童为被试,探讨了儿童的诚实或说谎行为(诚实是指儿童坦白自己的违规行为,说谎是指儿童隐瞒自己的违规行为)与不同奖励条件的关系,同时通过对诚实原因的分析,初步考察儿童诚实行为的心理抉择模式。结果表明:(1)在猜对玩具有奖励的游戏中,大多数儿童发生了违规行为(偷看玩具)。(2)只要有精神奖励存在,儿童的诚实率显著高于无精神奖励条件;精神奖励对儿童诚实行为的作用显著大于物质奖励的作用。(3)在诚实无奖励和诚实只有物质奖励的条件下,儿童的坦白动机多数是受诚实原则驱使;在诚实只有精神奖励或有精神、物质双重奖励的条件下,儿童的坦白动机多数与奖励有关。
The study used a temptation resistance paradigm to examine the relationship between children’s acts of honesty and different types of rewards, and psychological deciding patterns of honest behaviors by analyzing the reasons of honesty. 182 of 5.73-year-old in kindergarten participated in the study. The results show: (1)In the games in which children could get rewards when guessing the correct toy, most of them peeked at the toy.(2)Children in the condition of spiritual rewards had a significantly large proportion of admitting cheating than those in the condition of no spiritual rewards. Material rewards raised the proportion of honest behaviors, although there existed no statistic significance. Spiritual rewards was more effective on increasing children's honesty behaviors than material rewards.(3)In the conditions of no rewards and spiritual rewards only, children admitted mostly for their beliefs of being honest; in the conditions of spiritual rewards only and both spiritual and material rewards, children admitted mostly for obtaining rewards.
出处
《幼儿教育（教育科学）》
2007年第Z1期63-67,共5页
Early Childhood Education(Educational Sciences)
基金
美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)研究项目"儿童说谎的概念"(项目批准号:IROIHD048962-01A1)
浙江省教育厅重点项目"与说谎相关的儿童道德行为发展研究"(项目批准号:20050229)的部分研究成果。
