三峡工程蓄水对坝区流行性出血热流行因素的影响

Influence on Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever after Water Storage at the Dam Area of Three Gorges Project

目的研究三峡工程二期蓄水完成后对坝区流行性出血热流行因素影响,为制定坝区指定流行性出血热防治对策提供依据。方法用夹夜法进行鼠密度、种类调查,直接免疫荧光试验检测鼠类流行性出血热抗原、酶联免疫吸附试验检测坝区居民血清EHFV-IgG抗体。结果室内外平均鼠密度为5.80%,室内鼠密度显著高于室外。大坝下游鼠密度高于大坝上游。鼠类汉坦病毒(HV)感染率为7.41%。坝区居民血清流行性出血热抗体阳性率为0.25%。结论库区蓄水后坝区鼠密度有所回升,鼠类由室外向室内转移现象,坝区健康人群隐性感染处于较低水平。大坝蓄水3年后,未发现对坝区出血热流行情况产生明显影响。

Objective To study the influence on EHF after the 2nd phase water storage of the Three Gorges project at the dam area of Three Gorges Reservoir ,so as to make related countermeasures for prevention and control of EHF prevalence. Methods Mice density and species were investigated with night clip-trip. Sera EHFV-IgG antibody of natural population was detected by using the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). EHF virus antigen of hosts were detected by using the direct immunofluorescent assay technique(DIFA). Results Average mice density was 5.80%, mice density of the indoor was significantly higher than the outdoor. Mice density of the downstream was higher than the upstream. EHFV-IgG antibody positive rate of natural population was 0.25%. Hantaan virus(HV) carried rate of the mice was 7.41%. Conclusion Compared with the investigative result during the water-retention period, mice density shows a little rise, and the murid has shifted from outdoor into indoor. Covert infection rate of natural population in the dam area is low. There is no obviouse influence on the EHF three years after the water-retention.