乳腺肿瘤的超声诊断进展

Progress of ultrasonography in diagnosis of breast tumors

近年来,乳腺肿瘤的发病率有逐年上升的趋势。乳腺癌是常见的女性恶性肿瘤,早期诊断对其治疗和预后十分重要。由于超声没有电离辐射,在长时间工作状态下不会对医务人员和患者的身体产生损伤,而且简便易行,具有可重复性,因此超声检查已经成为乳腺肿瘤筛查、诊断的主要手段。超声检测乳腺肿瘤的方法有灰阶超声、彩色多普勒超声、能量多普勒超声、超声造影、三维超声、超声弹性成像以及超声引导下穿刺活检等。现就这些技术应用于乳腺肿瘤的诊断作一概述。

The incidence of breast tumors has increasing trend year by year recently.Ultrasound has become a main means of screening and diagnosis in breast tumors for its lack of radiation,harmlessness to op- erator and patient,convenience and repeatrbility.Grey-scale uhrasonography,color doppler flow imaging,col- or doppler energy contrast enhanced ultrasonogrphy,3-D ultrasonography,elastomography,ultrasound-guided biopsy are main methods for both detection and differentiation in breast tumors.The purpose of this paper is to review the applications of these techniques in breast tumors diagnosis.