中日太平洋鲱形态学比较研究

Morphological Comparison of Pacific Herring Clupea pallasii in China and Japan

由于地理隔离,太平洋鲱在其分布区内常形成若干地方性种群。通过形态学手段阐明黄海群体与北海道周边海域的群体是否存在显著差异,以期为黄海鲱的资源恢复提供理论依据。本研究对黄海以及日本北海道厚岸、石狩湾、鄂霍次克海4个群体的太平洋鲱(127尾)6个分节特征和6个量度特征进行了单因子方差分析和主成分分析,结果表明:4个群体间的12个形态特征除脊椎骨外,平均值均存在极显著差异(P<0.001),种群间差异大于种内差异;多重比较结果显示黄海群体与其他3个群体在9～11个形态特征上存在显著差异(P<0.01);第Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ主成分的分析结果表明,4个群体间存在一定程度的分化,黄海与石狩湾、鄂霍次克群体间差异程度较明显。

The pacific herring(Clupea pallasii)populations appear discontinuous in its distributions because of geographical isolation.The purpose of this study is to investigate the variations among the Yellow Sea popu- lation and those around Hokkaido based on morphological characters analysis,which could provide a theoretical basis for the recovering of Yellow Sea resource.Four samples(127 individuals)from the Yellow Sea,Akkeshi, Okhotsk Sea and Ishikari Bay were collected,six meristic characters and six morphometric characters were ana- lyzed by one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis.The ANOVA results showed there were highly significant difference(P<0.001)in means of all the 12 morphological characters except for the vertebrae num- ber,and greater variance among populations than within population.Multiple comparisons showed significant difference(P<0.01)between the Yellow Sea population and the other three populations in nine to eleven mor- phological characters respectively.The results of the first three principal component analysis revealed that the four populations had some divergence,which was especially apparent between the population in the Yellow Sea and the populations in the Okhotsk Sea and Ishikari Bay.