摘要
以理论和现场观测为基础,研究高水平应力条件下煤矿长壁工作面采区准备煤巷顶板的离层扩展过程和特征。根据三个不同的采矿阶段,即掘进阶段、掘进之后回采之前和回采阶段,研究巷道顶板离层发生的时间,位置,大小和所对应的地质条件,及离层在各阶段的扩展过程和特点。结果表明,顶板离层与采矿活动有着十分密切的关系,不同的采矿活动隐含着不同的离层特性和机理。从时间上,巷道顶板离层在巷道成巷之时即出现,其大小随着采矿活动的变化而变化。从空间上,成巷初期,离层在顶板6m范围内分布大致均匀,之后形成两个位于顶板附近和深部的离层区,随着时间的推移,两离层区域逐渐合并,在巷道表面上方6m范围内形成离层区,其离层范围为巷道高度的两倍。成巷初期,最大离层决定着巷道离层特性,后期,离层数量则起主导作用。
Based on the separation data collected from a comprehensive underground monitoring in a coal mine, this paper presents an analytical work on the characteristics of roof separation propagation and process under the high horizontal stress condition in the longwall roadway. The work is focused on the roof separation propagation characteristics, associated with different mining activities, including stages of heading development and longwall extraction. It is found that roof separation is strongly related to different stages of mining activities, and each stage involves different separation characteristics and mechanisms. Major separation occurs almost uniformly with formation of opening from the roof surface up to 6 m。 Then two separation zones are formed in both lower and upper roof strata respectively。Furthermore, two separation zones emerge gradually,and the separation zone covers from roof surface up to 6 m,which is two times of the heading height. During formation of opening, the separation characteristics of roof strata are dominated by the maximum roof separation and afterwards, the density of separation plays an important role.
出处
《隧道建设》
2007年第S2期41-47,共7页
Tunnel Construction
关键词
离层
水平应力
顶板稳定性
采区巷道
separation
horizontal stress
roof stability
longwall roadway
