怒江州致贫因素分析及对策探讨

Reasons analyses and solutions discussions of poverty in Nujiang prefecture

怒江州是云南和全国最贫困的少数民族自治州之一.山高坡陡,耕地量少质差;80%人口居于海拔大于1 400 m山地,长期处于种粮为主的原始农业状态;人地矛盾加剧,轮歇种植和陡坡垦殖严重,生态环境恶化;经济基础薄弱,贫困程度深;交通不便,社会、经济、文化发展长期滞后.本文以翔实的资料、案例对怒江州的贫困原因进行深层次分析,并提出以下脱贫对策思路:修建山地干线公路,改善山区生产、生活条件;山地停止种粮,全面退耕还林还牧;调整产业结构,重建生态环境;建设山区新农村,拓展生存空间.

Nujiang prefecture is one of the poorest autonomous prefectures in Yunnan,even in China.Mountains are high and slopes are steep,farmlands are few and the quality is poor;80% of the population inhabit in the mountainous area whose altitude is over 1 400 m,they farm the land,but still under the primitive agriculture for a long time;the contradiction between people and land is very sharp,turns of the farmlands and opening up slopes to till are very serious,ecology is suffering from deterioration;infrastructure is very poor,people are under the poverty-stricken;transportation is very poor,social,economic and cultural development are backward.In this article,we analyze the root of poverty through detailed materials and cases,then put forward some solutions of how to get rid of poverty.Solutions are as follows:build main roads in mountainous areas,improve living-level in hilly area;stop farmers from tilling in mountains,fully return farmlands to forestry and husbandry;adjust industrial structure;rebuild ecological environment;construct new country in mountainous areas;extend the space of existence.