镍铝基高温结构材料的研究进展

Research Status and Progress of Ni-Al Based Alloys as High Temperature Structural Materials

综述了镍铝(NiAl,Ni3Al)基高温结构材料在室温下具有的综合性能指标:抗高温氧化性能好,有较高的高温强度和蠕变抗力以及强度大等特点,而且在一定的温度范围内,其屈服强度反而随温度的上升而提高,通过添加其他元素,其性能得到改善。总结了金属间化合物的各种制备方法,如定向凝固法,快速凝固法,自燃烧高温合成法,超塑性成型等。探讨了进一步降低脆性,提高塑性等问题,以及在不远的将来取代一部分正在使用的比强度较差的结构材料。

With the development of science and technology,structural materials of high comprehensive performance are needed.The high temperature structural materials are summarized.Ni3Al and NiAl,which have good performances such as high melting point,non-oxidizability under high temperature,moderate gravity,good heat and electrical conductivity,are considered as the outlook high temperature structural materials at the present and become emphasis which are exploited and research.