大连市贝壳博物馆表面风压分布特性风洞试验研究

Wind tunnel test for wind pressure distribution characteristics on Dalian Shell Museum

为了满足大连市贝壳博物馆的抗风安全需要,进行了刚性模型表面风压分布特性风洞试验研究。详细介绍了试验所采用的主要技术参数与基本的数据处理方法,给出了典型风向角下结构表面风压分布的等值线图和结构典型测点在不同风向角下的风压变化规律;分析了各风向角下绝对值最大的局部体型系数及其出现的位置,并将屋盖的局部体型系数与现行《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB 5009—2001)进行了对比。结果表明:屋面上表面的风荷载主要表现为负压,顶部迎风挑檐边缘较大,屋面的尾流区域较小或为正压。屋面两侧的悬挑部分及主入口处迎风时分布有大面积正压,以靠近拐角部分最大,且这部分屋面对风作用反应敏感,设计时应考虑体型系数的变号情况。

To satisfy the requirements of wind resistance for the Dalian shell museum,wind tunnel test for wind pressure distribution were performed.Firstly,the technical parameters used in the test and the basic data processing methods are introduced in detail.Then contour curves of mean wind pressures for the most unfavorable conditions are given,which show clearly the characteristics of wind pressure distributions on the roof of the building,and the variations of wind pressure for typical measurement points under different wind azimuth are given.At last,the peak local shape coefficients under each wind direction with their positions are analyzed,and the local shape coefficients of roofs are compared with Load code for the design of building structures(GB 50009—2001).The results indicate that the wind load on the upper surface of the roof mainly presents negative pressure,which is bigger on the border of the overhang eaves in the wind exposure areas while is smaller or presents positive pressure in the wake area of the roof.The distribution of wind load on the cantilevers at the two sides of the roof and the main entrance when in the windward area mainly shows positive pressure.It's the biggest near the corner where is sensitive to the wind.Therefore,the plus or minus signs of the shape coefficients should be considered in design.The results indicated in this paper can be used as reference for the wind resistance design of the building.