五叶地锦在立体绿化中的降温增湿作用

Effect of Parthenocissus quinquefolia on Temperature and Humidity in Tridimensional Afforesting

在城市绿地面积不足的情况下,立体绿化对改善城市生态环境具有重要作用。利用TRM-ZS1气象、生态环境监测系统对五叶地锦在房屋东、南、西、北、顶面绿化中的降温增湿效果和影响范围进行了测定。结果表明:在五叶地锦立体绿化覆盖层内顶面在9:00～22:00,南面在9:00～18:00,东面在8:00～15:00,西面在10:00～20:00,北面在16:00～17:00降温显著;顶面在6:00～22:00,南面在7:00～19:00,东面在8:00～15:00,西面在10:00～20:00,北面在15:00～17:00增湿显著。各面在正午前后降温增湿极显著,顶、南、东、西、北面绿化分别降低温度5.77℃、4.45℃、4.21℃、3.36℃、1.6℃,增加湿度6.85%、6.48%、6.16%、4.87%、1.6%。降温增湿范围为覆盖层内至距覆盖层外40cm。降温效果与绿化高度无关,但增湿效果随高度增加而显著增加。

Tridimensional afforesting has a very important role in improving urban environment due to the insufficient greenland in most north China cities.In this paper,five different facades of building with Parthenocissus quinquefolia vegetation were selected and TRM-ZS1 was used to determine the temperature-decreasing and humid-increasing effect as well as the range of effect.The results showed that,within the canopy,from 9:00 to 22:00 at roof,from 9:00 to 18:00 in the south,from 8:00 to 15:00 in the east,from 10:00 to 20:00 in the west,and from 16:00 to 17:00 in the north,the temperature-decreasing effect was on significant level.And the humidity effect,from 6:00 to 22:00 on the roof,from 7:00 to 19:00 in the south,from 8:00 to 15:00 in the west,and from 10:00 to 20:00 in the west,were on significant level.For all the sites tested,during noon,the temperature-decreasing and humid-increasing effects was on most significant level.On the roof,within the plant canopy,the air temperature decreases by 5.77℃ and relative humidity increases by 6.85%.South,east,west and north facades could decrease air temperature by 4.45℃,4.21℃,3.36℃,1.6℃,and increase relative humidity by 6.48%,6.16%,4.87%,1.6%,respectively.The vertical vegetation could decrease the air temperature and increase the humidity within the range of 40 cm away from the canopy.The temperature-decreasing effect was of little correlation to the height,while the humidity-increasing effect was well correlated to the height.