从学术边缘的游走到学科理论体系的建立——美国ESL写作教学研究40年

ESL Writing in the U.S.:From Pedagogical Practice to Theoretical Research

英语为第二语言(ESL)的写作教学与研究在美国已经形成独立的研究领域和学科。其发展历程可划分为4个阶段:应运而生、探索与成长、渐成理论体系和独立学科的建立与完善。这期间,引导式写作、现代—传统修辞式、过程教学法、学术英文写作和后过程写作教学法等理论针对ESL写作教学领域的主要问题和特点应运而生并各领风骚于一时。二语写作教学作为一个研究领域和学科已受到主流学界的认可,其研究成果已开始影响相关研究领域。美国ESL写作从学术边缘到学科理论体系建立的历程对我国英语写作教学与研究有一定的借鉴作用。

The paper reviews,discusses and comments on the history of ESL writing in the U.S.In the past four decades,ESL or second language(L2)writing has been developed from its birth to its prosperity,from teaching practice to theoretical researches,and from merely pedagogical research to a cross-disciplinary study.ESL writing has evolved to be an academic discipline with a complete range of teaching approaches and its own theories,which in turn,started to contribute to the mainstream academia in the U.S.Such teaching approaches as the controlled composition model,the current-traditional rhetoric theory,the process approach,English for academic purposes and the post-process approach came into being to solve different problems in teaching writing to ESL students in the U.S.The paper is expected to be beneficial to Chinese EFL writing research and teaching practice.