英语口语交际任务维度的测定因素和方法

The Determining Factors and Approaches to the Dimensions of Communicative Tasks of Spoken English

学习者在执行口头交际任务过程中的语言运用能力可以表现为流利性、准确性和复杂性3个任务维度。对交际任务的不同维度进行测定,有助于研究者和教师:(1)区分任务的难度,为设计任务型大纲和口语测试任务提供客观的依据和标准;(2)了解学习者中介语的进程;(3)使用不同性质和类型的交际任务对学习者语言运用的不同维度分别进行培养。本文从信息处理的角度探讨了口语交际任务的流利性、准确性和复杂性3个维度之间的关系,对流利性、准确性和复杂性的测定因素进行了分析,并对近十几年来国外对流利性、准确性和复杂性的测定方法进行了概括。

Learners' competence of language performance in performing oral communicative tasks can be reflected in the three different task dimensions as fluency, accuracy and complexity. To determine different task dimensions contributes for the researchers and teachers to (1) the distinction of the difficulty of tasks so as to provide objective criteria for the syllabus design of task- based language teaching and for the design of the tasks for oral tests, to (2) understanding learners' progress of interlanguage and to (3) the separate training of different dimensions of learners' language performance by employing communicative tasks of different nature and characteristics. From the view of the theory of information process this paper explores the relationship among the three dimensions of fluency, ac cu rac y an d c om p le xit y of communicative tasks in oral language performance, analyses the factors of the three dimensions and summarizes the approaches to the determination of the dimensions abroad in recent years.