宪法在司法审判中的适用性研究

A Study of the Application of the Constitution in Judicial Judgments

自建国以来,最高人民法院没有明确拒绝宪法在司法审判中的可适用性,但在具体司法实践中,更倾向于在民事审判领域将宪法作为司法审判的法律依据,对刑事审判和行政审判中能否适用宪法采取回避态度。地方人民法院在司法审判中适用宪法的情况呈现多样化和复杂化趋势。地方人民法院在司法审判中援引宪法作为判案依据必须谨慎而行,尽量避免涉及宪法解释和违宪审查的事项。但对于援引宪法能够强化审判案件中法律依据的合理性和法律效力的,可予以保留。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the People's Supreme Court has not explicitly denied the applicability of the Constitution in judicial judgments,but rather,has leaned towards regarding the Constitution as legal reasons for judicial judgments in the area of civil hearings and has adopted a stance of avoidance as to the applicability of the Constitution in criminal and administrative trials in actual judicial practice.Local peoples's courts should be cautious in citing the Constitution as bases in judicial trials,trying to avoiding events involving constitutional interpretation and constitutional review.But,citations of the Constitution to enhance the rationality and legal validity of the legal bases in judicial trials should be reserved.