地震灾难中民众的心理行为特征及管理对策

Psychological Features and Behaviors of the People in Earthquake Disaster Zones and Managerial Strategies

通过对国内外相关文献的调研分析,从个体行为和群体行为的角度,分析了地震灾难中民众的心理行为特征。认为在地震灾难过程中,一些心理偏差,如框架效应、归因偏误等会影响灾区民众的心理过程。由于灾区的特殊条件,民众在群体行为方面还有可能产生谣言恐慌、聚众骚乱等不正常状况,务必引起有关部门的关注。在此分析基础上,提出了相应的管理对策建议。

Based on a review of relative literature, this paper analyzes the psychological and behavioral characteristics of people in disasters from perspectives of both individual behavior and group dynamics. It is argued that some psychological bias, such as reference framework and attribution bias, influence the routine psychological process of people in earthquake disaster; and that at the group level, there could also be rumors about disasters and riots that deserve serious consideration of relevant administrative departments, as a result of the special conditions in disaster-struck areas. From this, some managerial implications can be derived.