完善我国石油定价机制的政策建议

Policy Suggestions for Perfecting China's Oil Pricing Mechanism

我国实行的“与国际油价接轨”的石油定价机制,其最大的好处是有利于鼓励国内石油企业“走出去”,但无助于规避石油价格风险,也不能反应我国石油的供需关系,因此改革与完善现行的石油价格形成机制已势在必行:第一,打破国有企业的市场垄断,鼓励非国有经济进入石油生产领域;取消上下游领域和南北海陆地域的限制;全面开放上游和管道领域;鼓励社会资金进入石油流通领域。第二,建立市场形成价格的机制,国家由价格制订者转变为价格监管者。第三,协调各能源行业的发展,统一考虑其市场化改革进程。第四,用三大石油公司的部分国有股分红设立石油价格风险基金。第五,建立石油期货市场。

The greatest advantage of our oil pricing policy, which applied integration with the international oil prices, encouraged domestic oil companies to 'go out'. However, it didn't help to avoid oil price risk and also not reflect our oil supply and demand relations. The reform and improvement of the current oil price formation mechanism is inevitable. Firstly, break the monopoly of state-owned enterprises, encouraging non-state-owned economy has entered the field of oil production; Cancellation of geographical restrictions for up-downstream areas and the North-South surface area; fully open upstream and pipeline areas; Encourage social funds to enter the oil circulation. Secondly, establish a market price formation mechanism; States will be translated from price maker into price regulator. Meanwhile, coordinate the development of energy industry; Consider the reform process of marketization. Finally, establish oil price risk fund dividends with some state-owned shares in three major oil companies and establish oil futures markets.