系统功能语言学对话语模式研究的贡献

Contributions of Systemic Functional Linguistics to Conversation Analysis

话语分析者认为,相邻语对是话语中的基本单位。然而,他们对相邻语对内部的插入序列和旁白序列的分析却有不协调之处,对两个序列的描写也缺乏一个整体的框架。系统功能语言学视角下的交换结构理论为插入序列和旁白序列的充分描写提供了可能。系统功能语言学家对话语结构模式的研究大体上可以分为三个阶段:一、阶与范畴语法阶段,二、语言的功能阶段,三、借鉴其他相关学科理论阶段。在话语结构模式的研究过程中,系统功能语言学家始终注意话语结构中的三种关系,首先是横组合和纵聚合的关系,其次为整体和动态的关系,最后表现为并列关系和依附关系。

Adjacency pair can be viewed as a microstructure which stands as the basic unit in conversation. The adjacency pair is always disturbed by insertion sequences and side sequences. Conversation analysts hold that these two kinds of sequences have different internal structures and are defined from different perspectives. Following this point,this paper tries to make a consistent analysis on the exchange structure theory developed in systemic functional linguistics. Three stages are distinctly manifested during the research conducted by the systemic functional linguists wherein the first stage is based on the case and category grammar,the second is derived from the metafunction theory,and the third develops from interdisciplinary studies. Systemic functional linguists' study of conversation structure focuses on three kinds of relations: paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations,synoptic and dynamic relations,and constituency and dependency relations.