论关联理论意义与意图观

On the Relevance-theoretic Account of Meaning and Intention

本文对关联理论的意义和意图观进行了追踪溯源,指出关联理论把一些设想,即个人当作现实世界表征的思想当作交际的内容,这些设想回答了交际什么的问题。但是,思想不会转移。这些设想经过听话人的推理理解充实成明说和含意,即听话人意义。听话人意义和说话人思想不可能一样。因而,关联理论中的听话人意义不等于交际内容。关联理论认为,信息意图是让一系列设想显现或更加显现的意图,交际意图是让信息意图互显于交际双方的意图。因此本文提出,它们都是交际方式的概念,即回答如何交际的概念,而那些认为它们是字面意义和非字面意义等交际内容概念的观点是错误的。

this paper traces the origin of the relevance-theoretic account of meaning and intention respectively,and argues that relevance theory has a set of assumptions,thoughts treated by the individual as representations of the actual world,as the answer to the question of what is communicated; The set of assumptions need to be developed and enriched into explicatures or implicatures,which is understood as the hearer's meaning. Therefore,the hearer's meaning may not be what is intended to communicate,for thoughts do not travel as Sperber & Wilson argue. Relevance theory states that informative intention is to make a set of assumptions manifest or more manifest while communicative intention,to make informative intention mutually manifest,which shows the two intentions are the answer to the question of how human beings communicate with one another. Informative intention is not the equivalent of literal meaning while communicative intention,not that of non-literal meaning.