从博喻看篇章隐喻的逻辑和信息建构

On the Logic and Informational Constructions of Textual Metaphor from a Megametaphoric Perspective

在篇章隐喻的逻辑建构中,对于一个博喻事件中所包含的由原子命题组成的复合命题,可有效地运用外延的谓词演算进行逻辑释义。在理想的认知模式中,原型效应的高低是区分字面意义和隐喻意义的真值,是检验隐喻性强弱的一个杠杆:原型效应越高,字面意义的真值就越大;反之,原型效应越低,隐喻意义的真值就越大。在博喻性篇章的信息结构中,宏观语义结构主要通过命题的省略、重构和概括得以体现。根据延伸隐喻所遵循的"扩展原则"和对之起补充作用的"顺应原则",一旦一个主位结构被用作隐喻命题,在语境上与之相关的其他命题或原子命题也以同样的方式被隐喻化,而其所形成的博喻链的终结则意味着对一个经验的完形。

In the logic construction of textual metaphor,for a compound proposition made up of atomic propositions in a megametaphoric event,its logic depiction must resort to the extended predicate calculus.In an ICM,the degree of its prototype effects is a lever to distinguish the truth value of literal and metaphoric meanings and to attest its metaphoric tension.In the information structures of megametaphoric texts,besides the topic of a text, its macro-semantic structures are mainly embodied by way of deletion,reconstruction and generalisation.According to the'expansion principle'and its complementary.'adaption principle'obeyed by extended metaphors,once a thematic structure is used as a metaphoric proposition,the other propositions or atomic propositions related to it in the same context are also metaphorized similarly.The completion of this megametaphoric chain means a finished experiential gestalt.