诱导法在少年速滑教学与训练中的运用

The Application of the Guidance in the Teaching and Training of the Juvenile Speed Skating

在少年业余体校速滑技术教学与训练中,经常采用陆上诱导动作练习,以使少年初学者能较快地掌握速滑动作。但在具体训练中仅限于上冰前的陆上实践诱导性练习,而在整个速滑训练课尚未运用诱导法进行系统教学与训练。本文通过多年来训练实践,在理论上总结了速滑诱导法教学:语言诱导、技能诱导、直观诱导、同伴诱导等4种方法。教学与训练结果表明,系统、灵活地运用诱导法教学可以提高少年运动员的专项能力、达到技能和素质尽快地迁移,使少年速滑选手尽快地掌握所学动作。

In the teaching and training of the speed skating technology in the juvenile sports school, the referees often use the practical and guiding practice on land so that the beginner of the juvenile can grasp the action of the speed skating more quickly. But in the specific training the juvenile only does the on-land practical and guiding practice before practicing on the ice, while the whole speed skating training class hasn't put the guidance into the systematic teaching and training. Tnrough several years' training practice,the author sums up four kinds of speed skating guidance teaching in theory, including language guidance,skill guidance, direct guidance and companion guidance. The result of the teaching and training proves that the systematic and flexible guiding teaching can improve the specialized ability of the juvenile athlete, transfer the skill and quality quickly and make the juvenile athlete grasp the learning action quickly.