作为规范与权力建构的话语实践——先秦两汉话语实践与社会权力结构关系的变迁

The Discourse Practice as Norms and Power-Construction——A brief introduction to vicissitudes of the relation between discourse and social power structure in the pre-Qin to the Former and Latter Han Dynasty

先秦两汉的士人通过理论著述、历史叙事、经典阐释、文学想象等话语活动建构了独立于政治实践之外的话语实践领域。由于话语实践在规范世界结构、社会秩序和人们的实践行为等方面发挥了有效的建构性作用,因此,各种社会力量都力图控制话语实践的主导权。从这种意义上说,先秦两汉的话语实践历史就不仅仅是单纯的知识与表达的历史,更是话语实践逐渐发展成为社会权力性存在、并参与建构社会权力结构的历史。

The scholars-officials in the pre-Qin to the Former and Latter Han Dynasty constructed a discourse practice independent of the political practice through their theoretical works, history narratives, explanations for the classics and the literature imaginations. The discourse practice had the constructional function in regulating the world structure, the social discipline and people's practical actions, so all kinds of social powers tried to control the leading power of the discourse practice. In this sense, the discourse practice of the pre-Qin to the Former and Latter Han Dynasty was not only the history of knowledge and expression but also the history of the discourse practice gradually becoming the social power existence, taking part in and constructing the social power structure.