公共艺术生存和发展的当代背景

Contemporary Background for the Survival and Development of Public Art

对于“公共艺术”一词的使用一直存在争论,直到今天,无论是美国,欧洲还是日本,有关其概念和理念,仍没有得到一个统一的、明确的定论。公共艺术不是突然冒出来的,而是在很长的一段过程中逐渐演变而来的,为了说明其概念,更为了判断它的发展趋势。

In the 20th Century, great European art fore-runners refused traditional classical pattern and created modern sculpture and modern art relevant to modern and future sculpture art. American sculptors were greatly enlightened by the European art trend; while it took a long time to truly separate themselves from European fellow professionals and form their own style. From 1950s and 1960s after World War II, American sculptors had begun to use new materials, new technologies and new expression forms to launch the creation of abstract sculpture. After World War II, along with the development and construction of American cities, during the re-planning and rectification of some old blocks, to ensure due space, US abolished previous restriction for building height; thus the building became higher, and public open space appeared. With the assistance of government art support policy (or percentage program) as well as full support of states, municipalities and social organizations, a batch of sculpture works from representative US artists went out of gallery to the public open space of the city, and they got the name of PUBLIC ART. Chinese public art is just at its first development stage as far as its launch and philosophy construction is concerned, ft lags behind the urgent need for contemporary public art development from cultural concept, operational mechanism, social propagation, administrative means and relevant laws and regulations aspects.