公众·环境·时代——谈雕塑自身以外的几个问题

The Republic·Environment·Era--Talking about the Issues Outside Sculpture Itself

以往,我们常常习惯于孤立地讨论雕塑自身存在的问题。发表雕塑作品,也只是作品本身,很少顾及它们与公众与环境与时代之间的关系。而本文则略去对雕塑本身的孤立评断,只将讨论的话题锁定在雕塑与它所而对的和所处的各种关系之中。 从雕塑的功能和存在方式看,不外以下种:1、为陪伴亡灵的墓室雕塑(被发掘后大多成为博物馆里的陈列品)和陵园雕塑;2、为信仰而造的神、佛——寺庙和教堂雕塑;3、作为建筑附属物或美化都市公共空间的室外雕塑(也称环境雕塑);4、作为纯艺术而创作的架上雕塑(大多陈列在博物馆和私人空间)。

We are frequently accustomed to separately discussing the existing issues of sculpture itself. Publishing sculpture works is the works themselves, which rarely takes into account the relations of themselves, environment and era. This article has elided the isolated assessment to sculpture itself, but fixed the discussed theme among the various relations which sculpture faces and is situated in, such as sculpture and religion, sculpture and era, sculpture and environment, and sculpture and public participation, etc.