干旱区的城市生境特征与绿洲化对策

Urban Ecological Environment Characteristics in Arid Area and Its Oasisization

干旱地区的城市亦被称为绿洲。从其发生与生境状况分析,注意到近期城市的扩展已脱离绿洲型的发展轨道,而与全球城市模式类同,亦具城市化的共有弊病。又因所处区位受到荒漠气候的强烈影响,较其它地带的城市,其生境更加恶劣。干旱区居民长期凭借绿洲生境而生息劳动,早期出现的城市亦脱胎于绿洲。目前仍沿用绿洲以称城市,但与绿洲的生境相比较已面目全非,实质是以现代设施在荒漠中建立的水泥荒漠。目前全球范围正展开以改善城市生境为目标的生态城市建设,位处干旱区的城市应从其所在区位出发,以绿洲化作为生态城市建设目标,切实改善居民生存环境质量。应仿照绿洲,在外围营造阻隔荒漠气候侵袭的防护林,在市区通过营造片林与行道树,形成类似条田林网格局,以一定植被规模重构绿洲化城市,形成绿洲生境以改善城市居民生存条件,回归干旱区居民世世代代依存的绿洲空间。

City of the arid area is also known as the oasis. After analyzing its occurrence and environment,it is noticed that expansion of city already broken away from the development track of the oasis type recently,which is similar to the global urban mode with the common disadvantages of urbanization. The position receive strong influence of desert climate, relatively harsher than other cities. Arid district resident lived and labored for a long time relying on the oasis , the city that appears in early days also emerges from the womb of the oasis. Now we also call it oasis, but its environment has changed, in some sense, these cities look like the desert being constituted with the desert of cement . We launch the ecological urban construction for improving the city habitat as the goal in the global at present, city of arid district should begin from its position, regard oasis as the urban construction object, improve resident environmental quality. We should imitate the oasis, build shelter forest to separate the desert on the periphery , build trees that line a street, form similar shelter belts of farmland in urban, reconstruct oasisization of urban environment with certain vegetation scale , improve urbanite's living conditions, back to the oasis which arid district resident rely on from generation to generation.