防治沙尘暴与生态建设

Prevention and Combating Against Sandstorm and Ecological Construction

沙尘暴的发生和发展与荒漠化息息相关,沙尘暴的频频发生正是对土地荒漠化程度发出的黄牌警告。干河谷,干湖床区;洪积-冲积区;基岩风化的残积、堆积区;黄土丘陵区;冲积泛滥、平原区;沙丘活化区等六大区域的风蚀及水蚀为沙尘暴提供大量的沙物质来源,干旱大风条件成为沙尘暴的动力。防治沙尘暴、减缓沙尘暴威胁,必须从增加地面粗糙度、降低风速、防风固沙入手,首先从生态恢复开始,以植被自然恢复为主体方向,再辅以人工造林、种草等生态建设措施,共同构建人与自然协调发展的生态平衡模式。

The occurrence and development of sandstorm have related closely to desertification. Frequent occurrence of sandstorm is a serious warning of land desertification. Wind erosion and water erosion in six areas, such as area of dry river valley and dry lake bed, diluvial-alluvial area, residual area of weathering bedrock, loess hill area, alluvial floodplain area, and dune activation area, have supplied a large amount of sand for sandstorm. Drought and gale are the motive power of sandstorm. In order to prevent and combat sandstorm and reduce the threat of sandstorm, roughness of surface must be increased, velocity of wind must be reduced, and sand must be fixed. At first, begun from ecological restoration, taken natural restoration of vegetation as the main direction, assisted by artificial forestation and planting grass, an ecological balance mode should be set up under coordinated development between human being and nature.