通货紧缩及其形成机理的讨论与分析

The Analysis on the Deflation and its Formative Mechanism

随着 1997年第四季度我国通货紧缩的发生 ,经济理论界关于通货紧缩的讨论也相伴展开。从概念上看 ,目前国内大体有“单要素说”、“二要素说”、“三要素说”和“政策说”四种观点。就发生机理看 ,则主要形成了宏观和微观分析的区分。这使我们认识到 :治理通货紧缩 ,不仅要依据基本理论 ,采取应急措施 ,治标——尽快消除通货紧缩现象 ,而且要采取中长期政策 ,治本——预防通货紧缩发生或尽量降低其程度。

Along with the occurrence of our country′s deflation in the fourth quarter of 1997, the discussion on deflation started. About the concept of deflation, there are four viewpoints,i.e. “the single key element theory”, “two key element theory”, “three key element theory” and “the policy theory”. About the formative mechanism, there are two different theories,i.e. “macro analysis” and “micro analysis”. That helps us realize that in order to administer deflation, we should not only take emergency measures to bring about a temporary solution for eliminating the deflation quickly according to the basic theory, but also take the middle and long term policies to prevent the occurrence of deflation or reduce its extent at the root.