福建海岛潮间带软体动物种类组成与分布

The Studies on Composition and Distribution of Mollusca in Intertidal Zone,Fujian Island

福建海岛潮间带软体动物鉴定248种,绝大多数为暖水性种类。种类组成以瓣鳃类(120种)和腹足类(114种)占绝对优势。不同底质生态类型的软体动物的种数依次为岩相93种,泥沙滩83种,泥滩55种,沙滩36种,红树林区6种;生物量大小依序为岩相943.89g/m^2、泥沙滩 51.64g/m^2、泥滩 38.68g/m^2和沙滩 9.07g/m^2;栖息密度大小依序为岩相956.8个/m^2、泥滩 92.5个/m^2、泥沙滩 25.9个/m^2、沙滩 22.1个/m^2。种类分布的总体特点是:南部海岛多于北部海岛,外海海岛多于近岸内湾河口的海岛;生物数量分布的总体特点是:近岸内湾、河口的海岛大于外海的海岛。本文还对海岛潮间带软体动物资源的开发作了若干探讨。

A total of 248 mollusc species were found in the intertidal zone Fujian islands during the investigation, which belong to 5 classes, 78 families, 161 genera. Absolute majority of the species were the warm water species. Studying the composition and distribu- tion characteristics of the species and biotic quantity,the result show,overall,the number of species in southern islands was more than in northern, the number of species in the islands of outer sea was more than in the islands of coastal water, bay and river estuary. The biomass and habitat density in islands of coastal water, bay and river estuary were more than in islands of outer sea. This paper also discusses the problems on the exploitation of mollusc resources.