儿童少年对伤害认知和行为的调查分析

An analysis of cognition and behavior of injury in children and laddie

目的 了解不同年级中小学生及家长、教师对意外伤害的认知程度和行为差别。方法 采用整群抽样对学生和家长教师进行问卷调查。结果 ８７．７７％ 的学生听说过意外伤害，７０．７３％和６７．０４％ 的学生在玩耍和运动时会想到可能发生意外伤害，４４．５％ 学生认为骑自行车有必要戴防护帽。不同年级比较发现，某些认知和行为随年龄增长反而变差，尤以中学生为甚。１／３ 的家长和教师认同意外伤害是不能预知的，因此是无法预防的。分别只有６２．７７％ 、６２．３５％ 和１０．９４％ 的家长和教师把跌伤烧伤、烫伤及自杀与他杀当做是中小学生常见的意外伤害。结论 多数中小学生、家长和教师对某些意外伤害认识不足。

Objective To understand the level of cognition and the difference of behavior for injury in different primary school graders, middle school graders, their parents and teachers. Methods A questionnaire investigation was carried out among pupils, parents and teachers by cluster sampling. Results There were 87.77% of pupils who knew accident injury. There were 70.73% and 67.04% of pupils who believed accidents might occur when they were playing and exercising. 44.5% of pupils knew that riding bike with safety halmets was necessary. The comparison among different grades showed some knowledge and actions were not good enough in higher grades, especially in middle school students. One third parents and teachers thought that accident couldn't be predicted, so it couldn't be prevented. Only 62.77%, 62.35% and 10.94% of parents and teachers knew fall, burn/scald, suicide were common injury for pupils. Conclusion Although the majority of pupils know injury but some safety consciousness and actions are incorrect. The cognition of parents and teachers for accidents is lacking.