西北地区车辆事故流行病学特征研究

An analysis of epidemiological features of vehicle accidents in the 5 northwestern provinces

目的 探讨西北五省（区）车辆事故分布状况及影响因素。方法 采用流行病学原理分析。结果 １９９５～１９９８ 年共发生事故８６ ７８１起，死亡２６ ３５０人，受伤５５ ６６９人，且事故发生数，伤亡人数呈逐年上升趋势。企事业单位、机关团体、个体运输车事故发生率明显较高，分别为４１．７９％ 、７．８３％ 和２５．７２％ 。８、９月为高发；６、７ 月次之。驾龄３年以内的驾驶员较高（占３３．１９％ ），６％ 驾驶适性差的驾驶员占４０％ ，以超速行驶最高（占２２．７２％ ）。事故好发生于无交通控制的路段（６７．７３％ ）或平直良好路段（７０．４０％ ）。结论 应加强车辆事故的预防研究。

Objective To study the distribution status and its affecting factors of vehicle accidents in the 5 northwerstern provinces. Methods Epidemiologcal features were studied by epidemic principle. Results There were 86 781 accidents occurring in northwestern area during the years from 1995 to 1998, which brought about 26 350 cases dead and 55 669 injured. The accident rates of enterprise, administration unit and private van were high, 41.79%、 7.83% and 25 72%, respectively. The accidents occurred mainly in August and September, secondarily in June and July. The drivers who worked within 3 years were susceptible to accident and the rate was 33 19%. The incidence rate of 6% of badly adaptable drivers was 40%, and the accident rate of speeding was the highest (22.72%). The accidents occurred mainly on uncontrolled roads (66 73%) or on good straight roads (70.40%). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen preventive study of vehicle accidents.