人胎垂体生长激素样免疫反应细胞的发育

THE DEVELOPMENT OF GROWTH HORMONE LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVE CELLS IN THE HUMAN FETAL PITUITARY

为探讨人胎垂体生长激素细胞发育规律，本文用免疫细胞化学结合图像分析，研究１９例不同胎龄人胎垂体生长激素细胞的形态、大小、光密度变化。结果如下：①胎１６周已存在生长激素免疫反应细胞，随胎龄增加，细胞多排列成团或索，并由周边部向远侧部的中央延伸。②随胎龄增加，生长激素样免疫反应细胞数量逐渐增多，细胞逐渐增大，胞浆逐渐增多，核浆比值逐渐变小。至胎龄３２周，生长激素样免疫反应细胞以大型细胞为主，多为圆形或卵圆形。③生长激素样免疫反应细胞的光密度随胎龄增加而逐渐增高，２６周达高峰，以后呈下降趋势，但仍高于２４周的水平，结果提示：垂体生长激素细胞的发育是从幼稚到成熟的过程，生长激素细胞的功能在胎２４－２６周最旺盛。

To study the law of the development of growth hormone like immunoreactive cells (GH cells) in the human fetal pituitary, the immunocytochemical method with image analysis was used to study 19 normal fetuses. The slze, morphology and density of GH cells were observed. The results are as follows: (1) At the 16th embryonic week, the GH cells were found in the edge of the anterior pituitary gland, and spread to the centre of the entire par distalis arranged in cluster with ages. (2) The number and cytoplasm of GH cells were increased gradually and the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio were decreased gradually during embryonic development. Most of GH cells were big, oval or circular at 32th embryonic week. (3) The optical density of GH like immunoreactive cells were increased gradually during embryonic development, and the maximal level was observed at 26th embryonic week and then decreased gradually, but higher than the level of 24th week. These results suggest that the development of GH cells are from immature to mature, and GH synthesis is stronger in the 24th to 26th embryonic week.