p53基因信号通路的新成员miRNA

New Member miRNA in p53 Gene Signal Pathway——Review

p53基因是迄今发现的与人类肿瘤关系较为紧密的基因,几乎在所有的人类肿瘤中均存在p53信号通路的异常。野生型p53基因是肿瘤抑制基因,其功能主要在转录调节方面。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是生物体内重要的非编码小RNA,通过与靶mRNA的互补配对而在转录后水平上对基因的表达进行负调控,导致mRNA的降解或翻译抑制。新近研究发现miRNA成为p53基因活化后下调某些蛋白表达的重要中间机制。本文就miRNA生物合成、功能及其在p53基因信号通路中的研究进展作一综述。

Mutations in p53 signal pathway are found in nearly all types of cancers, indicating its close relationship with human malignant tumors. Wide type p53 is a potent tumor suppressor, whose biological effects are largely due to its function as a transcriptional regulator. MicroRNAs （miRNAs） is an important class of noncoding regulatory RNA mole- cules, with profound impact on a wide array of biological processes, regulating both messenger RNA （mRNA） translation and decay by the combination of target mRNA. The latest studies found that miRNAs are important molecules during the modulation of protein expression by activation of p53. The miRNA biosynthesis, function and the research progress in p53 gene signal pathway are reviewed.