用于蛋白质体外分子进化研究的DNA随机突变技术

Methods of DNA random mutagenesis applied in evolution of proteins in vitro

蛋白质体外分子进化是模拟自然的进化过程，利用基因随机突变和定向筛选（选择）技术，以获得具有预期新功能的突变体分子。虽然体外进化近几年才产生，但已成为医药和工业领域中筛选具有特殊催化性质的酶的最重要的方法之一。ＤＮＡ随机突变技术是蛋白质体外分子进化研究的基础，本文将对几种最重要的突变方法：倾向错误的ＰＣＲ、ＤＮＡ重排、模板交错延伸反应和随机延伸突变的原理和应用等加以介绍。

Evolution of Proteins in vitro mimics the processes of nature evolution in a test tube, combining random mutagenesis with screening or selection for protein variants that have the de- sired properties. Evolution in vitro has emerged in just a few years,but now it has been one of the most effective approaches to adapting biocatalysts to the performance requirements of indus- trial and medical applications. Methods of DNA random mutagenesis are the bases of evolution in vitro. In this review error -prone PCR, DNA shuffling, Staggered Extension Process,and ran- dom elongation mutagenesis-main methods of DNA random mutagenesis used in in Evolution in vitro of Proteins were introduced.