我国控释肥料研究的现状和展望

The status and outlook for the study of controlled-release fertilizers in China

本文结合作者长期从事控释肥料研究的心得和经验,在参阅国内外大量研究资料的基础上,比较系统地综述了我国控释肥料的研究进展。论文指出了我国控释肥料研究的学术价值和经济意义,阐述了我国控释肥料研发的切入点和目标、研制与社会需求、研制与我国经济发展。论述了控释肥料和缓释肥料的内涵和区别、区分控释肥料和缓释肥料的意义和作用。参阅1979年以来的研究资料,回顾了我国控释肥料研究的历史和现状,将我国控释肥料研制划分为3个阶段:1)缓控释肥料的探索阶段;2)控释肥料研究普及阶段;3)控释肥料关键技术深化和技术集成与产业化,概括了各个阶段的研究成果。在此基础上,通过对我国控释肥料研制与国际同类研究差距对比、我国控释肥料研究与发展总体趋势和特点分析、控释肥料研究的前沿领域的讨论,对我国控释肥料研究进行了展望,并提出了今后的研究方向。

Based on years of experience on the study of controlled-release fertilizers and the extensive reference of both national and international research results, the research developments of controlled-release fertilizers in China were discussed by the authors. The academic value, economic significance, cutting-in and goal of the controlled-release fertilizer research in China were also analyzed and discussed. The research and development （R ＆ D） of controlled-release fertilizers with social demand and economic development were illustrated. The paper distinguished concept of controlled-release fertilizer from slow-release fertilizer, and discussed the significance to distinguish between controlled-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer. The history and status of controlled-release fertilizers research in China were reviewed. The history of research on the controlled-release fertilizers in China can be divided into 3 stages： the exploration period, the popularization period, and the integration and industrialization period for major technologies. Through the comparison of the controlled-release fertilizer research in China and abroad, the analysis on the trend and characteristics of the R ＆ D of the controlled-release fertilizers in China and the discussion on the frontier field of controlled-release fertilizers, this article foresees the controlled-release fertilizer industry and indicates the direction for future research in China.