中医和中西医结合临床指南制定的现状与问题

Current status and problems in developing clinical guidelines for Chinese medicine and integrative medicine

随着临床循证指南的广泛应用及中医药规范化工作的开展,各类中医或中西医临床指南也在逐渐增多。借助指南质量评估工具对2008年10月前公开发表的11个中医和中西医结合临床指南进行初步评价,大部分指南未描述证据收集和综合证据的方法,仅1篇说明推荐意见的证据分级标准,存在指南制作不够规范,编写人员专业背景单一,缺乏高级别的证据等问题。建议成立多学科组成的指南制定小组,注重证据并严格遵循循证指南制订的原则和流程,建立符合中医文献自身特点的证据评价和分级方法,注重中医指南的适用性与指导性,并加强对指南质量的评估。

With the wide application of clinical guidelines and standardization of Chinese medicine （CM）, guidelines of CM and/or integrative medicine （IM） were also emerging. By the guideline evaluation instruments such as the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation （AGREE） Instrument and Conference on Guideline Standardization （COGS）, a preliminary assessment of 11 clinical guidelines for CM and/or IM published before October 2008 was performed. Methodological description of evidence collection or synthesization was absent in most clinical guidelines, and evidence-grading criteria were listed in only one of the eleven guidelines. Inadequate standardization of guideline development, single professional background of guideline developers, and lack of high-grade evidence were the current problems. It was suggested that guideline development group should include individuals from multiple relevant professional fields. Stress should be laid on evidence collection and recommendation grading. Guideline developers should follow the rigorous development methodology of evidence-based guidelines, and the methods for evaluating evidence and grading recommendations should be set up according to the characteristics of medical literature of CM, In addition, more attention should be paid to appraise the quality of clinical practice guidelines of CM and IM.