现代化温室主要蔬菜种类及其育种方向

MAIN VEGETABLE SPECIES SUITABLE FOR CULTURE IN ADVANCED GREENHOUSE AND THEIR BREEDING ORIENTATION

现代温室拥有加温系统、通风系统等先进的环境调控设备。要求蔬菜品种具有旺盛的生长势、持续的结果能力，同时需具备耐低温、弱光的能力。现代温室适宜种植的蔬菜种类有番茄、黄瓜及甜椒等。本市引进的15hm2现代温室中均试种国外杂种一代，表现较好的有黄瓜杂种一代Nevada、Deltastar等5个，番茄杂种一代Roman、Trust等6个，甜椒杂种一代Tasty、Mazurka。我国现有设施栽培品种与国外专用品种有较大的差距。现代温室蔬菜的育种方法应该是注重选育单性结实能力强的黄瓜新品种、耐低温弱光的番茄新品种及耐低温弱光、多抗性的甜椒新品种。

Advanced greenhouse has many apparatus for environment controlling,suchas heating system, ventilation system, etc.. Vegetable varieties growing in advanced greenhouse must have some special properties including luxuriant growth, continuous fruit setting,low temperature and low light tolerance. Main suitable vegetable species are cucumber,tomato and pepper. Some varieties introduced from abroad were planted experimentally in 15 hm2advanced greenhouses imported from abroad. Some of them are suitable for culture in Shanghai,for example, 5 cucumber hybrid F1 (Nevada, Deltastar,etc.), 6 tomato hybrid F1 (Roman,Trust,etc.), 2 pepper hybrid F1 (Tasty, Mazurka). There is a rather great disparity betweendomestic and exotic vegetable varieties special for installation-protected culture. Main vegetable breeding orientation for advanced greenhouse culture is to breed parthenocarpical cucumber varieties, low temperature and low light-tolerant tomato varieties, low temperatureand few light-tolerant and multiple diseases-resistant pepper varieties.