核型相似性的生物学意义及其对多样性的影响

A Contribution to the Karyotype Similarity: Base on the Consideration of Its Biological Significance and Affection on Diversity

以小檗科鬼臼亚科、松科松属、壳斗科栎属为材料，分析了核型相似性的生物学意义以及对分类群系统发育的影响．结果显示出，对于异花传粉且分布区重叠的分类群，分类群内部核型的相似性常导致杂交从而使共交群的多样性增加并在此基础上和自然选择协同作用使类群的分化速度大大加强，类群变异常呈现出连续并表现为生态倾群变异式样，如松属和栎属等．但对于自花授粉或是虽是异花授粉，但却存在其它方式隔离如地理隔离的分类群，核型的相似性却大大降低了分类群内部的分化速度，在变异式样上常出现生态型的分化，如小檗科鬼臼亚科．染色体作为遗传物质的载体，在控制类群分化时，是与类群的遗传体制密切相关并相互协同起作用的．

By using samples such as Podophyllodeae (Berberidaceae), Pinus (Pinaceae), Quercus (Fagaceae), the Bioiogical significance of karyotype similarity and its affection on phylogene has been analyzed in this paper. The result states out that those taxa who process allogamy and has overlapping distribution region, the similarity of karyotype usually causes hybridation, and therefor enforce the ability of differentiation, Pinus and Quercus is the example. But those taxa which either autogamy or although belongs to allogamy but has some insolation mechnism, the similarity of karyotype will largely decrease the ability of differentiation, Podophylloideae is the obvious example.