万氏对虾的营养需求

The Nutrition Requirement of Penaeus vannamei

蛋白质是万氏对虾(Penaeus vannamei)饵料中重要的成分。添加赖氨酸,粗蛋白含量为 45％时,万氏对虾的瞬时生长率最高。饵料中的脂类对万氏对虾体重、存活率、抗渗透压变化的能力、产卵率和各组织脂肪酸组成等均有影响。ω6族和ω5族脂肪酸在万氏对虾幼虾饵料中是必须的。不同的碳水化合物源对万氏对虾生长的影响不同。钙、磷、锌及其他金属元素对万氏对虾生长和存活有显著的影响。一般含动物蛋白的饵料中都含有丰富的铁,无需再另外添加。万氏对虾自身合成的维生素C可满足成虾的需求,但不能满足幼虾的需求。维生素A、维生素D_3和维生素E是万氏对虾饵料中必需的,维生素K是非必需的。

The effect of dietary protein content on the growth rate of Penaeus vannamei is significant. High growth rate for shrimp fed the diet containing 45% crude protein supplemented with L-lysine Hcl. The lipids in the diets impact on growth, survival, resistance to osmotic shock and fatty acid composition of Penaeus vannamei. Omega-6 and omega-3 PUFA are required for the diet of shrimp. Significant differences were found when the shrimp was fed the different carbohydrate sources. Calcium, phosphor, zinc and other mental elements in diet impact on survival of Penaeus vanname significantly. Vitamin A, D and E are essential nutrients in shrimp diets but vitamin K is not.