家蚕品种培育与四川蚕业发展

Breeding of sllkworm variety and Sericultural Development of Sichuan

四川省蚕业研究所自１９３６年成立以来，一直致力于优良蚕品种的培育和四川省蚕品种的改良。６０余年来，经过几代育种科技人员的实践和总结，形成了自己家蚕育种的独特风格，育成推广优良新品种１４对，为四川蚕业发展三次品种更新换代提供了优良品种，为品种再次换代贮备了新品种，并提出了２１世纪的育种任务。三次品种换代，促使四川蚕业生产的产茧量和茧丝质量迅速提高，平均张种产茧由建国初期的１０ｋｇ提高到春季３０多ｋｇ，秋季２５ｋｇ，茧丝长由６００～７００ｍ提高到春季１１００ｍ，秋季１０００ｍ，生丝品位由Ｃ级以下提高到３Ａ级。至今本所育成的两对春秋用蚕品种仍是四川的当家用种，占全省年用种量的６５％以上。

The scientific and technological personnels of Sichuan Sericulture Institue have bred some excellent silkworm races and improved solkworm varieties since the faundation of this institute in 1936.Through practice and summation of several generations of breeders for more than 60 years, a unique style of silkworm breeding is formed and 14 excellent new silkworm combinations have been bred and popularized in three renewals of varieties,which improved the development of Sichuan sericulture, as well as provided storage for another renewal of variety. Renewal of variety impeled the yield of cocooon and the quality of cocoon filament rapidly,the per box cocoon yield increased from 10kg in 1949 to more than 30kg at present for spring and more than 25kg for autumn. havested cocoon.Cocoon filament length increased from 600 700m to 1100m for spring cocoon and 1000m for autumn cocoon. Grade of raw silk araised from grade C to grade 3A now.A silkworm combination for spring rearing and a silkworm combination for autumn rearing berd by Sichuan sericultural institute are still the staple combination in Sichuan sericulture production,both of the 2 combinations acount for 65% of annual amount of varieties in Sichuan.