磷肥种类及用量对烤烟生长及产量、质量效应的研究

Effect of Phosphorus Source and Application Rate on the Growth and Yield and Quality of Flue Cured Tobacco

初步研究了磷肥种类及用量对烤烟生长、产量及质量的影响。结果表明，在褐土类土壤上增施磷肥能促进烟株早发快长，有利于烟叶适时落黄成熟，提高烟叶的产量、上等烟比例及产值，增加烟叶中总糖、磷及钾的含量，使烟叶中总氮及烟碱的含量有所降低，内在化学成分比例趋于协调。磷肥种类及用量不同，对烟叶产量的提高及品质改善的效应不同，在褐土类土壤上，以Ｃａ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２·Ｈ２Ｏ作磷源，磷（Ｐ２Ｏ５）用量为４５ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２时效果最优，其次是磷用量相同的硝酸磷肥。过磷酸钙及磷酸一铵作磷源，效果较差。

Tests conducted in Jiaxian County of Henan Province showed that increasing phosphorus application in the calcareous soil promoted the growth of tobacco plant in early stages,improved the ripening of leaves,and increased the yield and percentage of superior leaves.More phosphorus application also increased the uptake of phosphorus and potassium and the content of sugar,and decreased the contents of nitrogen and nicotine.The best application rate was 45 kg·hm -2 in the test.At the same application rate,TSP obtained the best results in both yield and quality,nitric phosphate the second,and the last two were DSP and ammonium phosphate.