青藏高原积雪资料分析及其与我国夏季降水的关系

SNOW COVER DATA ON QINGHAIXIZANG PLATEAU AND ITS CORRELATION WITH SUMMER RAINFALL IN CHINA

该文对青藏高原地面站雪深（１９５８～１９９２年）、ＮＯＡＡ卫星观测的积雪面积（１９６６～１９９０年）和美国宇航局微波遥感积雪水当量（１９７９～１９８７年）等资料进行了对比分析，指出青藏高原地面站雪深资料能较好地反映青藏高原地区积雪量的年际变化．青藏高原地面站前冬春积雪量与我国夏季降水的相关分析表明：青藏高原前冬春积雪量的变化与我国夏季降水有很好的相关，显著水平平均达到０．０５．７、８两月长江流域为正相关区，其南北两侧为两大片负相关区；９月整个相关区系统地南移约５个纬距；４、５两月长江以南，尤其东南沿海附近为正相关区，长江以北为负相关区；６月转变为７月相关型，但显著水平较低．

he snow depth data on surface synoptic stations of the QinghaiXizang Plateau (1958～1992), snow covered area observed by NOAA satellite(1966～1990) and water equivalent of snow cover (1979～1987) from microwave remote sensing of NASA are analysed. It is shown that the snow depth data on stations of the QinghaiXizang Plateau could reflect the interannual change of snow cover on the Plateau. There are good correlations between the snow cover from October last year to March this year and the summer rainfall of a large area this year in China. In July and August, positive correlation occurs in the region along the Changjiang River valley and negative correlation occurs in the south and north sides. In September, the whole correlation area moves to south for five degrees of latitude. In April and May, positive correlation occurs in the south of the Changjiang River, particularly in southeast coastline, and negative correlation occurs in the north of the Changjiang River. In June, the correlation is similar to that one in July, but the significant level is lower than that of July. 