光栅放置误差的消除

Error Elimination of the Grating Laying

做光栅实验时，难以检测光珊是否垂直于入射光放置．不垂直就形成误差．单侧明纹衍射角有一阶误差，双侧同级明纹衍射角的绝对值的平均值，可以消除一阶误差，但仍带二阶偏差．推介最小衍射角法，从多方面提高实验的精确度：（１）消除光栅放置的一、二阶误差；（２）观察到较高级次的明纹，从而减小估读引起的相对误差并提高明纹的角色散率和角分辨率；（３）明纹光强较大，条纹更尖锐，角分辨率更高，角位置读数角精密。

When the grating experiment is done, it is difficult to check whether the grating is laid perpendicularly to the incident beam of light. If not, the error is formed. There is a lst ranking error with the diffraction angle of the bright veins of one side. The 1st ranking error may be eliminated by using the mean of the absolute value of the diffraction angle of the same level of both sides; but a 2nd ranking deviation remains. The minimum diffraction angle method is recommended, and the accuracy and precision of the experiment are increased in many ways. (1) The 1st and 2nd ranking errors of the grating laying can be eliminated. (2) The bright of vein higher levels can be observed, so that the relative errors from the estimating reading are reduced, and the angle rate of chromatic dispersion and the angle resolving power are increased. (3)The veins are brighter and sharper, so that their angle resolving power are evenstronger, and their reading of angle position are more precise.