水土流失治理与高效生态农业建设的实践──以长武县王东沟小流域为例

Control of Soil and Water Loss and Development of High Efficiency Ecological Agriculture in Gully Area of Loess Plateau

长武王东沟试验区通过调整农村产业结构，加大技术投人力度，多元化开发沟坡土地资源，促进粮食生产持续发展。经过10余年治理，王东沟小流域生态环境得以明显改善，林木覆盖率达39．5％，农民生活水平显著提高，人均纯收入1997年达1912元，农村生产结构由历史的种植业一元结构转化为种植业、果业、工副业三元结构，1997年工副业收入占人均纯收人60％，王东沟小流域水土流失治理与高效生态农业已发展发展到了一个新阶段。

The gully area in loess plateau region is one of the most impoverished region inChina due to severe soil and water loss, and adverse ecological environment. The comprehensive control by small watershed as a whole has made a significant improvement on production conditions and ecological environment since 1980. Wangdong gully watershed is typical of gully region in loess plateau region. A series of measures were adopted during the period of ten-year cnotrol. These measures include adjustment of industry structure, enhance oftechnology input, exploitment of gully-slope land, and maintain of food production. Now inWangdong gully watershed , ecological envinoment has been significantly improved, the coverage of forest amounted to 39. 5%, the living standard of local people were raised , the netincome captia reached 1912 in 1997. The industry structure in the country side has beentransformed into tristructure of planting, fruit and commerce from single strueture of ing,the income of industry and sideline in 1997 made up 60% of total net income. Control ofsoil and water loss and high efficiency ecological agriculture in the gully region of loessplateau have entered a new stage.