脉冲管制冷机动态特性数值计算研究

DYNAMIC NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE OSCILLATING FLOW IN A PULSE TUBE REFRIGERATOR

针对脉冲管制冷机内部交变流动及多孔介质蓄冷机的特点建立了数值计算模型，采用改进的数值模拟方法对脉冲管制冷机内部气流的交变流动、换热以及制冷过程进行了详尽的数值研究，得到了脉冲管制冷机内各参数的动态变化，分析了各动态参数变化对制冷机整机性能的影响，并从提高数值方程的计算精度和收敛性方面给出了改进的数值模拟方法。模拟分析与实验结果符合良好。该模拟方法的特点从基本流动换热微分方程出发，尽可能多的考虑实际制冷机工作过程中的各种不可逆因素，包括实际气体的物性变化，各部件的流动阻力和传热损失。

It describes an improved numerical model and calculation method for stability simulation of a pulse tube refrigerator.A set of differential equations based on the conservation of mass,energy and momentum for oscillating fluid flow is solved by numerical method.A variety of physical factors,such as actual gas,gas flow friction,heat transfer in the heat exchanger and regenerator,ect.are included to improve the accuracy of the model.The results show the changes of mass flow,pressure,temperature,enthalpy flow and so on in each cell with time.The computer predicted performance is compared with the experimental data.Good agreement has been found between the two.