关于满语中性元音和谐问题的探讨

本文主要探讨、研究词根或词于各音节都含中性元音的有形态变化动词构成现在一将来时形动词、动名词，以及构成“一般过去时”时，如何根据元音和谐律接缀词法附加成分的问题。结论是：①词根或词干各音节都含中性元音的有形态变化动词构成现在一将来时动名词或形动词时，应在其词根或词干上缀以附加成分-re，而不是-ra。②含元音i的单音节动词构成“一般过去时”，接缀-he/-ke；含元音i的双音节或三音节动词构成“一般过去时”，接缀-ka／-ha。③词根或词干各音节皆含元音u的动词构成“一般过去时”，绝大多数动词接缀-ke／-he，少数动词接缀-ka／ha。④词根或词干音节中，既有含元音i的音节，又有含元音u的音节的动词构成“一般过去时”耐，部分动词接缀-ka／-ha，部分动词接缀-ke／-he。究竟哪些动词接缀-ka／-ha，哪些动词接缀-ke／-he，尚待进一步探讨、研究。

The article is mainly talking how to cluster grammar additionalcomponent according to Vowel Harmony Rule in Verb included neuter vowelgetting to present -future gerundive、 gerund verb or turning to past - tenseverb. It conclude that(1)Verb included neuter vowel turning to present -future gerund or gerun-dive, it should be clustered with /-re not /-ra in word -root or word -sten.(2)Verb included monosyllable vowel i getting to past -tense verb, it oftenclustered-he/-ke; verb included bisyllable or Trisyllable vowel i getting to past-tense verb,it usually clustered -ka/-ha.(3)Verb included vowel u getting to past-tense verb, Many of verbs clustered-ke/-he, Few of verbs clustered -ka/-ha.(4)Verb included vowel i and u,getting to past-tense verb,some verbs clus-tered -ka/-ha, some clustered -ke/-he. It's mysterial which verbs to beclustered -ka/-ha or -ke/-he.