摘要
This paper attempts to identify the loss of quality of craftsmanship intensive products. It shows that errors in production process and degradation in the jewellery pro duct quality in the (complex) transition from hand crafted silver model making to mass production are largely due to the ignorance of the importance of design——craftsmanship in production process. In fact, the design can be employed to solve the problems of the quality degradation or even as a tool to prevent error in the stages of product design, development and production. In testing this hypo thesis, production processes (from designing, model making, casting, polishing, buffing to texturing) are all examined in order to identify the root causes of product quality degradation in mass production. After the analysis, the concept of “integrated craftsmanship” is proposed to assist integration of traditional goldsmith′s and je wellery designers′ techniques in jewellery designing and making, and to change the attitudes to quality control in mass production systems. Finally, the model of “integra ted design craftsmanship” as a comprehensive design conceptual and quality organizational tool is formulated for managing and improving product quality.
本文尝试找出了劳动密集产品（ｌａｂｏｕｒ－ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ）在制造过程中质量下降递减（ｇｒａｄｕｒａｌｌｏｓｓｏｆｑｕａｌｉｔｙ）所存在的问题。这些问题存在以下两方面：（１）手工艺（ｃｒａｆｔｓｍａｎｓｈｉｐ）：由制办至最后的制成产品，首饰制造仍然非常依赖工匠的手工艺水平，产品质量受手工艺水平影响；（２）劳动分工（ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎｏｆｌａｂｏｕｒ）的基本条件的框定和束缚：批量生产的工序流程中，产品质量未能保持（或达致）原首办的质量水平及设定的规格。这些问题可以通过产品设计去解决，把集成手工艺（ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｃｒａｆｔｓｍａｎｓｈｉｐ）概念融入全面优质管理（ｔｏｔａｌｑｕａｌｉｔｙｍａｎ－ａｇｅｍｅｎｔ）的思想。在制造过程中，把传统的手工艺的优值和观念提升为改进产品质量（其中一种）重要的工具或方法，另一方面采用集成手工艺概念来建立基础要素和方案，防止产品质量在工序中递减下降。本文旨在重新确认手工艺研究的重要性，强调设计可用来全面提高产品质量及竞争力。
