温度对青虾胚胎发育的影响

Effect of temperature on embryonic development of Macrobrachium nipponense

青虾［Ｍａｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｍｎｉｐｐｏｎｅｎｓｅ（Ｄｅ Ｈａａｎ）］（又名日本沼虾）是我国淡水虾类经济价值较高的一种，广泛分布于我国各地的淡水水域中。它的胚胎发育和环境条件密切相关，其中温度是一个具有重要影响的因素。 在一定温度范围内，青虾的胚胎发育时间随温度升高而缩短。在３２℃时所用时间最短，仅需 ２２０．４ ｈ，而至 ３５ ℃时，则胚胎不能完成整个发育期。 据２２～３２℃不同温度下的青虾胚胎发育的时间，获得了温度与时间的回归方程： Ｄ＝８６８．１８－２０．６９Ｔ＝－０．９８６ Ｄ：发育时间（ｈ） Ｔ：培养温度（℃） 在一定温度范围内，青虾卵的破膜时间也随温度的升高而缩短。根据在２２～３２ ℃不同温度下青虾卵的破除膜时间，同样获得了温度与时间的回归方程： Ｄ＝１７．７２－０．３８Ｔ ｒ＝－０．９２１ Ｄ：破膜时间（ｈ） Ｔ：培养温度（℃）

Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) is one of the fresh water prawn in China and distributes over water widely, which is of important commercial value. its rate of embryonic development is closely related to environmental condition,and temperature is an important factor affecting it. In the proper range of temperature, the time for embryonic develoment of Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) shortens as the temperature goes up. At the temperature 32℃,the time needed is the shortest,only 220. 4 h. But up to 35℃, the entire embryonic development cannot be finished. According to the embryonic developing time,when the temperature is 22-32℃,linear regression equation of time is: D=868. 18-20. 69T r=-0. 986 D:developing time (h) T:cultivated temperature (℃) Also,in the proper range of temperature,the time for tearing the membrane shortens as the temperature goes up. According to the time for tearing the membrane of egg when the temperature is 22 － 32℃, linear regression equation of them can be expressed as: D＝17. 72-0. 38T r＝－ 0. 921 D:the time for tearing the membrane (h) T:cultivated temperature (℃)