利用休眠控制河蟹性腺早熟的养殖试验

Breeding experiment on controlling precocity of sexual gland by using dormancy for Chinese Mitten Crab

该项试验是针对近年来在河蟹养殖中幼蟹（扣蟹）性腺早熟提出的研究课题。根据顾景龄等“河蟹生长规律及性腺早熟控制的研究”证明：幼蟹性腺早熟的主要原因是６月至７月底期间，幼蟹蜕壳过频，生长过快所致、为控制幼蟹的性腺早熟，我们经过多年的试验研究，探索出利用“休眠”控制其早熟的养殖方法，并于１９９３年６月至９月３０日，在天津宁河县试验林场６． ６７ｈｍ２的河蟹精养池塘进行了生产性试验，在 ６月 １０日至 ８月 ５日期间，停止投饵、换水，使幼蟹进入休眠状态，８月５日以后，驯化投喂人工配合饵料，并严格控制水质，到９月３０日，幼蟹平均个体重达 ２３．９ ｇ，与对照组平均体重２５． ７ ｇ相近似，试验组早熟率不超过 ４％，而对照池（３．３３ ｈｍ２）几乎全部早熟。因此可以说这是一种控制幼蟹早熟简单而有效的方法。

We have found precocity of sexual gland for young arab during rearing of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis ) in recent years and main reasons are that young crabs moult too frequently and grow too rapidly from June to July. In order to conrol precocity of sexual gland for young crab,an experiment has been made for many. years and a new rearing method controlling precocity of sexual gland by using dormancy was developed. From June to 30th of September, 1993, a commercial experiment was made in a careful breeding pond with an area of 6. 67 hectares for Chinese mitten crab. From 10th of June to sib of August,baiting and changing water were stopped to make young crabs turn into dormant state. After sib of August,artificial mixed fodder was tamely fed and quality of water was strictly controlled. On 30th of September,the average individual of young crab weighed 23. 9 grams in treated group,which was similar to that(23. 7 grams) of CK group. But the rate of precocity did not exceed 4 percent in treated group. On the contrary,crabs were almost precocious in treated group. Therefore, we consider using dormancy as a simple and effective method for controlling precocity of young crab.