鱼类抗冻蛋白结构、功能的研究进展

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF FISH ANTIFREEZEPROTEINS ANDTHEIR APPLICATIONS IN FOODTECHNOLOGY

海洋中的许多鱼种在它们的体液中含有抗冻蛋白质来防止它们被冻结。有二组抗冻蛋白：抗冻糖蛋白（ＡＦＧＰ）和抗冻蛋白（ＡＦＰ）。ＡＦＰ有几种结构，即Ｉ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型。一般认为抗冻蛋白是通过附着到冰晶上并干扰水分子进Ａ到冰晶格中，从而降低冰点。一些工作者已用化学法或ＤＨＡ重组技术生产出抗冻肽，合成的抗冻肽已显示了它的实用性。

Many species of marine fish have antifreeze proteins in their body fluids to preventthem from freezing. There are two groups of antifreeze proteins(AFP). The AFP have variousstructures i.e. Type Ⅰ, Type Ⅱ, Type Ⅲ. It is believed that antifreeze proteins depress freezingpoint by attaching to ice crystals and interfering with water molecules joining the ice lattice. Severalworkers have produced antifreeze peptides either chemically or by recombinant DNA techniques.Synthetic antifreezepe ptides have been shown to have practical applications, including use in foods.