人胎儿下丘脑视上区生长抑素神经元发生学的研究

THE ONTOGENETIC STUDY OF THE SOMATOSTATIN-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS IN THE HYPOTHALAMIC SUPRAOPTIC REGION OF HUMAN FETUS

本研究采用了免疫细胞化学方法，首次系统观察了２２例９—２７周引产人胎儿下丘脑视上区的视上核和视交叉上核内的生长抑素免疫反应神经元（Ｓｏｍａｔｏｓｔａｔｉｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅｎｅｕｒｏｎ，简称ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元）的发生、发育的形态学特征。从１６周开始，在视上核（ＳｕｐｒａｏｐｔｉｃａｌｎｕｃｌｅｕｓＳＯＮ）和交叉上核（ＳｕｐｒａｃｈｉａｓｍａｔｉｅｎｕｃｌｅｕｓＳＯＮ）内可观察到ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元，在ＳＯＮ、ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元数随着胎龄增加而增多，到２２周时数量最多，以后随着胎龄增加ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元数出现逐渐减少现象；ＳＣＮ内的ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元在１８周和２２周时出现两次高峰，研究结果提示，ＳＯＮ和ＳＣＮ内的ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元在胚胎发育过程中出现消长现象，表明了ＳＯＭ－ＩＲ神经元在ＳＯＮ和ＳＣＮ内各有其独特的发育过程。

In the experiment, 22 cases of human fetuses, from 9 to 27 weeks were collected. Theontogenetic study of Somatostatin-Immunoreactive Neurons (SOM-IR Neurons) in supraoptic nucleus (SON) and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the fetuses was performed with immunofluorescence technique of immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the SOM-IRpositive neurons occured as early as the 16th week in SON and SCN of hypohalamic supraoptic region and the number of positive neurons increased gradually with fetus aging. As a result, the peaks were showrl respectively in the 22th week in SON and in the 18th and 22thweek in SCN. 22 weeks laster, the number of SOM-IR neuons in SON was assumed a trendof stepwise decrease and progressive immunoreactive weakness.