干热河谷水电站路基边坡植被恢复技术研究

Study on vegetation restoration technology of subgrade slope of hydropower station in the dry-hot valley areas

【目的】实现干热河谷水电站路基边坡弃渣场的植被恢复,开展保水保肥措施研究,并对其恢复效果进行监测。【方法】以膏桐为供试植物,对植被恢复试验小区土壤分别进行空白对照、保水剂、保水缓释肥、保水剂+保水缓释肥等4种处理,在相同管护条件下于4个月后观测膏桐生长状况,于12个月后观测膏桐的旱季成活率,比较4个处理的植被恢复效果。【结果】路基边坡弃渣场土壤采用保水剂、保水缓释肥、保水剂+保水缓释肥处理后,植被恢复效果均好于空白对照,其中保水剂+保水缓释肥处理的植被恢复效果最好。与其他处理相比,保水剂+保水缓释肥处理可以促进膏桐生长发育,提高旱季成活率。与空白处理相比,该处理的株高增长率、叶数增长率、最大叶面积增长率可分别达到43.50%,53.96%和17.60%×28.57%(长×宽),平均单株质量增加37.95%,叶绿素含量增加6.87%,旱季成活率可达96.38%。【结论】保水剂+保水缓释肥处理在干热河谷水电站路基边坡弃渣场植被恢复中具有一定应用价值。

[Objective] Study on keeping soil water and nutrient measures in the dry-hot valley areas was done in order to actualize the vegetation restoration of subgrade slope abandoned dreg site of hydro- power station. [Method] The experiment was carried out through four disposals for the soil of vegetation restoration experimental plot, and the four disposals were blank control, water retaining agent, water retaining and slowly-release fertility and water retaining agent＋water retaining and slowly-release fertility. Jatropha curcas was planted in the plot. Under the same management conditions,the growth status of Jatropha curcas L. 4 months later and dry season survival rate 12 months later were observed in order to compare the effects of the various disposals. [Result] The results concluded that the treatments of water retaining agent, water retaining and slowly release fertility and water-retaining agent ＋ water retaining and slow-released fertilizer achieved good effect compared with blank control. Among them,the best effect was the disposals of water-retaining agent ＋ water retaining and slow released fertilizer. The treatments could promote the growth of Jatropha curcas L. and enhance its survival rate in dry season. The increasing rate of plant height, average leaf number, most leaf area, single weightiness and chlorophyl content increased by 43.50%,53.96%,17.60% ×428.57% （length×breadth）,37.95% and 6.87% compared with CK. The survival rate of Jatropha curcas L. in dry season increased by 96.38%. [Conclusion] The treatments of water retaining agent＋ water retaining and slow-released fertilizer have certain app restoration of subgrade slope abandoned dreg site of hydropower station in the lication value in vegetation dry-hot valley.