新牧二号紫花苜蓿的选育

Breeding of Alfalfa Cultivar "Xinmu No.2

该品种是在乌鲁木齐的自然条件卜，以提高产量及抗病为目的，以８５个苜宿为原始材料，选优株，建立７４个无性系，表型选择得３４个优系，再进行基因型选择得９个优系，开放授粉，种了等量混合组成８７４品系，经品比、生产及多点试验和抗病接种鉴定等试验有成新品种，１９９２年国家审定注册，定名为新牧二号．该品种属大叶型与新疆大叶苜蓿相比，具有高产、抗病、较早熟等特点，可在适合于新疆大叶苜蓿种植的省、市及地区推广种植．

Sereval field selections for forage yield improvement were initiated in a three years alfalfa nusery from the initiation of spring growth in 1982, until the begining of flower production, 110 superior genotypes which grew vigorouly, initiated spring growth early and free from disease were selected and cloned by stem-cutting. After clonal test, 74 genotypeswere selected and transplanted to field, each genotype with 12 propag. In the following year, according to winter hardiness, growing vigor and disease resistaned,34 remained clones were allowed to be openpollinated after unselected clones being digged out, seeds were collected seperately. From 1984 to 1986, progeny test was undergone in one row plot with three replications, every 10 strains has a check cultivar (Big Leaf). On the basis of hay yield. Winter survival and disease resistance, 9 clones were selected and equal amount seed of these genotypes was mixed to synthetic 874. Variety test, production test and multisite experiment were conducted from 1987 to 1990, resistance to downy mildew was identified by way of inoculation in 1992. Hay yield of this cultivar was 12 percent higher than(Big Leaf) also, it adopted for high seed yield,early mature and big leaf, rapid regrowth rate and high resistance to downy mildew. After a 10 years period, this cultivar was registered by National Forage Crop Registration ration Commitee in 1992.